物联网最全指南：你需要掌握的 9 大关键点 | 双语阅读

2017-06-22 00:00:00

物联网的9个关键点，和你息息相关。

编者按：从安全性到安全感，从身体健康到心理健康，从虚拟现实到娱乐到能源到地理围栏，这些是你接触loT（物联网）的一份指南。本文作者为Parth Kapadia，原题为“9 Major Keys to the Internet of Things”。

The Internet of Things — a monstrous phenomenon to fathom. Be prepared to have your life disrupted, for the better or the worse…

物联网——一种尚需人深究的宏大现象级事件，准备好你的生活因为它而颠覆吧，它会让你的生活变得更好，或者更差。

This radical disruption will impact you and the ones closest to you. Your safety, security, health, and convenience are all at stake. This post will give you an intro to IoT and help you take the rights steps to get a grip on the Internet of Things.

物联网这种彻底的颠覆会影响你和你亲密的人。你的安全，安全感，健康和便利都有这样的风险。这篇文章将为你介绍IoT（物联网），你有权利知道它是什么，而我们的任务是帮助你做到这一点。

Here are the 9 major keys to IoT and a more connected you:

以下是物联网的9个主要关键点，和你息息相关：

1.安全性和安全感 Safety and Security

Safety allows you to keep doing you. You want to make sure your family is intact, healthy, and being taken care of through a string of seamless automations. Staying in constant contact is a large key for safety, or in other words, your well-being.

安全性允许你继续做你自己。你想确保你的家庭成员是身心健全、健康的，并通过一系列无缝连接的自动化设备得到很好的照料。保持持续的联系是安全性的关键，也就是说，这关系到你的生活质量。

Being safe during your commutes is often overlooked. Technology in cars has substantially helped driving become safer. Rear-view cameras are now standard in every new car for a reason. Check out GM’s LED rearview camera, which is really only your current reverse camera with a new twist.

在你的上下班过程中，你的安全经常被忽视。汽车技术极大的助力了驾驶安全。出于某些原因，后视摄像机现在是每辆新车的标配。看看通用汽车的LED后视摄像头，这其实就是你现在使用的倒车摄影机，只不过稍加改动。

Traditionally, safety IoT has been geared towards maintenance detection for enterprise level operations and applications. Today, a similar M2M architecture can be applied to your home, office space, and your city.

一般来说，面向企业级操作和应用程序的物联网对于检测维护的安全性已经加强了。今天，类似的M2M架构可以应用在您的家庭，办公室和城市生活中。

Sensors, which are much cheaper these days, can let you know whether or not your water pipes are leaking or are about to burst. If you’re on vacation, you can decide whether or not to receive last-gasp messages that are deployed prior to failure.

如今要便宜得多的传感器，可以让你知道你的水管是否泄漏或即将爆裂。如果你正在度假，你可以决定是否在故障发生之前接收故障的最新消息。

Yes, sensors for natural resource management and the future of water, electricity, and gas are key for a safe environment.WallyHome, a water leak and mold detection system is perfect for families looking to get smart on water, especially after what happened in Flint, Michigan.

是的，用于自然资源管理的传感器以及水，电和天然气的未来是安全的环境的关键。WallyHome是一个漏水和模具检测系统，非常适合那些想要在用水上明智决策的家庭，特别是在密歇根州弗林特城（注：弗林特城以环境问题恶化著称。）发生的事情之后。

Security has been traditionally dominated by companies such as ADT right? Their customers used to pay for 24/7 alarm monitoring back in the 90s. But with today’s array of smart home starter kits available at Home Depot and push towards a modernized DIY market, your grandma can have a level-one smart home.

在过去，我们生活中的安全性一直是由ADT等公司主导的，对吧？他们的客户在90年代会为全时段的监控付费。但是，如今有家得宝推出的家用智能家居套件就不一样了，我们正在向一个现代化的DIY市场转变，即使是你的奶奶，也可以拥有第一流的智能家居。

Companies like Comcast Xfinity and Vivint also offer these for a monthly cost along with on demand add-ons such as home streaming to solar, all of these modern features are offered today at $s/per month.

像Comcast Xfinity和Vivint这样的公司也提供按消费者需求定制的附加功能，比如家庭流媒体或太阳能。所有这些现代功能在今天都按月为单位收费。

Anyways, it all depends on what level of security you’re striving for. If you want to be notified every time someone is on your property, or you want to be prompted when someone rings your doorbell, go to Home Depot and get trip sensors and a ring doorbell camera. Although, it may be simply more practical to remotely monitor, open, and close your garage with My Q by Chamberlin.

无论如何，这一切都取决于你想要的安全级别。如果您希望每当有人在您的财产上进行操作时都能收到通知，或者想要在有人敲门铃时被提示，你完全可以去家得宝获取旅行传感器和门铃摄像头。虽然通过Chamberlin的My Q来远程监控、打开或关闭您的车库的做法可能更为实用。

Finally, a major security key you will be learning about in future posts include cybersecurity, ethical hacking, and data privacy.

最后，你在以后的文章中还会学到一个重要的安全关键词，包括网络安全，道德黑客和数据隐私。

2.健康 Wellness

Being healthy is a major key. You are what you eat says my dietitian friend who encourages a daily workout and proportioned meals. IoT can help you track your wellness with wearables and smart meal apps.

保持健康也是一个重要的关键词。“人如其食”，我的营养师朋友提倡每日锻炼和营养均衡的三餐。物联网可以通过可穿戴设备和智能饮食管理app来帮助你跟踪你的健康状态。

Fitbit, Apple watch, and Samsung have all created new revenue streams made from giving their users workout analytics and the ability to set daily health goals. When these tools are combined, you can maintain your daily eating habits.

Fitbit，苹果手表和三星都为用户提供锻炼分析和设定每日健康目标的功能，从而创造了新的收入来源。当这些工具结合在一起时，您可以保持你的日常饮食习惯。

Also, connected cups and water bottles can make staying hydrated easy. They provide you nutritional facts and information regarding how you should be eating and drinking everyday. If you’re like me, you usually forget to drink enough water. With push notifications that buzz on your wearable, you’ll never be left thirsty for IoT.

此外，与物联网连接的杯子和水瓶容易保证你一天摄入足量的水分。它们为你提供你每天所摄入的食物和饮料的营养成分和信息。如果你像我一样经常忘记喝足够的水，你的设备会推送通知，因此在物联网上，你永远不会有口渴的经历。

Mobile apps around wellness have been around for years now?—?track your sleep, weight, nutrition, and more. However, the key with wellness IoT is that software is being combined with tangible hardware and equipped with predictive analytics.

围绕健康开发的移动应用已经存在多年了——跟踪你的睡眠，体重，营养等等。然而，健康IoT的关键在于软件能配备预测分析功能，并与有形硬件结合使用。

When wellness was just software, users were forced to manually add their calorie count and the actions they were taking. Today, a lot of the leg work has been automated with the help of motion, temperature, and humidity sensors.

当健康管理只存在在软件中时，用户被迫手动添加他们的卡路里摄入量和他们正在做什么的信息。今天，在运动、温度和湿度传感器的帮助下，这些大量繁琐的工作已经被自动化了。

3.按需定制和流服务 On-Demand and Streaming Services

Amazon Dash is a new service that automates your home’s daily operations. For example, when you place Amazon’s dash button in your bathroom, you can easily place an order for more toilet paper before you run out. Outsourcing your errands frees up your time, no longer do you need to attend to toiletries, party needs, or even food in your pantry.

亚马逊推出的Amazon Dash是一项全新的服务，可以让您的家庭日常运作自动化。例如，当您将亚马逊的Dash Button放置在浴室中时，它会在你的卫生纸即将耗尽时帮你自动下单。家务外包让你有更多的自由时间，不再需要你为化妆品、聚会用品和食物储备费心。

If you have a baby, ordering diapers can become automatic. Amazon dash, through predictive analytics and self-learning algorithms, can project how many diapers you’re going to need for the week, month, or year.

如果你有宝宝要照顾，订购尿布也可以自动。Amazon Dash通过通过预测分析和自学习算法，可以预测你在几周，几个月或一年的尿布需求量。

Ordering food based on how healthy you want to be becomes a breeze as well. Services like Peapod and blue apron provide you food on-demand based, on your preferences and body’s needs. You can even set up automated food services for your dog right through Petsmart and Petco.

根据你期望的健康状况订购食物也变成了一件轻而易举的事情。像Peapod和蓝色围裙这样的服务可以根据你的喜好和身体需要为你提供定制食物方案。您甚至可以通过Petsmart和Petco为您你狗也设置自动食品服务。

Imagine never having to run errands again.

想象一下这样的场景，你再也不用为这种事跑腿了。

4.增强现实（AR）和虚拟现实（VR）技术 Augmented and Virtual Reality

AR and VR are ripe for innovation. Many technology venture capitalists are investing in IoT and are looking at these technologies as a new platform for apps.

AR和VR技术已经成熟到足够支持创新了。许多科技领域的风险投资家正在投资于物联网，并将这些技术视为应用程序的新平台。

Google glass was the first attempt at AR which displayed the possibilities and capabilities of what the future has to offer you. Google, more recently than glass, also came out with Daydream which turns phones into VR headsets. And of course, Facebook acquired Oculus for a whopping $2 billion a few years ago.

谷歌眼镜是AR的第一个尝试，展示了未来为你提供的可能性。谷歌推出的比谷歌眼镜更新的产品是可以把手机变成VR头戴式设备的Daydream。Facebook也自然进入了这个领域，几年前收购了价值高达20亿美元的Oculus。

Real time analytics on your golf stroke can not only improve your game but it can reduce the chance of injury. Having GPS in your motorcycle helmet is also a major key to know where you’re going.

对你高尔夫球杆的实时分析不仅可以改进您的游戏水平，还可以减少受伤的可能。在您的摩托车头盔上装上GPS也是了解你的行程的关键。

AR and VR can pretty much be a wearable that’s worn at all times or in one distinct location. When you’re at work to when you’re sleeping, VR can enhance cognitive abilities and give humans a big boost.

AR和VR大多是可穿戴的设备，你可以把它戴在某个特定部位，并且随时佩戴。你可以戴着它工作、入睡，VR可以增强你的认知能力，给人以很大的帮助。

5. 地理围栏 Geofencing

Your environment is impacted by your location at all times. A geofence is a virtual barrier in which apps are capable of setting triggers that react depending on your entrance or exit from a vicinity. You define the boundaries as an administrator along with however you’d like to be notified and what you’d like to be notified for.

你所处的环境随时受到你的位置的影响。地理围栏是一个虚拟的区域，其中应用程序能够根据你从附近进入或退出的状态来设置触发器。你可以以管理员的身份来定义边界，还能设置你什么时候希望收到通知，希望收到什么通知。

In the future, geofencing will have a large impact, not only smart homes, but also on the retail industry:

在未来，地理围栏将产生巨大的影响，不仅会在智能家居，也会在零售行业：

蓝牙连接和LIFI Bluetooth Connectivity and LIFI

Imagine your phone connecting to sensors within a store in real-time while you’re shopping. With geofencing, your shopping experience can be more catered to what you’re looking for. Coupons on demand of what you intend to buy, right from the internet.

想象一下，当您购物时，您的手机将实时连接到商店内的传感器。通过地理围栏，你可以获得更好地满足你的需求的购物体验。你可以随时随地直接从网上获取你打算买的商品的优惠券。

Just look at Amazon Go, Amazon’s store concept without a check-out line. Or check out the Shopkick app that gives you rewards and gift cards for shopping at certain places.

你可以看看亚马逊Go的例子，这是亚马逊提出的一种没有收银台的概念商店。或者你可以试试一款叫做Shopkick的app，它可以为你在某些地方购物时提供商店的奖励和礼品卡。

预测性数据分析 Predictive Data Analytics

Geofencing gives companies another layer of understanding their customer. Using data analytics, back-end users and administrators can see how often people are using their service, how long they use it, and how well their marketing techniques worked.

地理围栏为公司提供了另一层对客户的理解。使用数据分析，后台的用户和管理员可以得出人们使用他们的服务的频率，使用时间以及营销手段的效率如何。

For example, 1–800-Flowers geofenced the area around jewelry stores that were close to their flower shops. If you’re shopping for jewelry, it’s more likely that you’ll need flowers too (for your wife, mother, girlfriends, etc.).

例如，线上鲜花销售商1-800-Flowers将花店周围的珠宝店划为地理围栏的检测范围。因为如果你正在购买珠宝，那么你也可能需要鲜花（送给你的妻子，母亲，女朋友等）。

Apple’s MFI chip for their Homekit will also be a big player utilizing geofencing. If the bluetooth on your phone is on, sensors around your Apple SmartHome will start to recognize patterns and eventually automate operations like turning on lights, locking doors, and notifying you if your home is operating out of the norm.

苹果为旗下智能家居平台Homekit提供的MFI芯片也把地理围栏技术玩得很溜。如果你手机上的蓝牙功能处在开启状态，你的苹果智能家居SmartHome周围的传感器将开始识别模式，并最终自动执行操作，比如自动开灯，锁门，并通知你家具是否正常运行等。

Location based services and geofencing will be a big part of improving overall customer experience.

基于位置的服务和地理围栏将是改善整体客户体验的重要组成部分。

6. 关爱老人 Aging-in-Place

The elderly are key because you love them. Many times they need assistance living in their own homes or even with you. You need to be confident that they’ll be safe when you’re not around to take care of them and if an emergency happens, that they will be taken care of immediately.

老人很关键，因为你爱他们。很多时候，他们独居，甚至是和你生活在一起，都需要生活上的协助。你需要保证，当你不能在他们身边照顾他们时，他们是安全的，当紧急情况发生时，他们能立即得到应有的照料。

Lifealert is a remotely connected panic button that has been around for ages. Older folk can use it if they have emergencies, like if they fall down in the bathroom or if there’s a fire in their kitchen that they can’t put out. The device has a built in GPS that relays a SOS message to the nearest authorities in real-time.

Lifealert是一个远程连接的紧急按钮，已经有好几年的历史。老年人如果遇到紧急情况，比如在浴室里摔倒，或者厨房里起火，他们灭不了时，可以使用它。该设备具有内置GPS，可实时向最近的当局传送SOS消息。

Many times, older folk can’t enjoy TV as much as they used to because of their inability to hear. GOgroove Bluetooth TV headphones help the elderly with hearing loss to hear the TV clearly without having to turn up the volume. An ideal solution for the Price is Right and Jeopardy, the RF goes for about 60 sq. ft and is plug-in play for most existing TVs.

很多时候，老年人不能像以前那样享受看电视的乐趣，因为他们大多有听力问题。 GOgroove蓝牙电视耳机帮助听力损失的老年人清楚地听到电视里的内容，而无需调高音量。这样一来老人可以观看电视节目如The Price is Right和Jeopardy，设备的射频可覆盖60平方英尺的空间，可以作为目前大多数电视机的插件来完成播放。

Alarm.com also offers a sensor based service for the elderly called BeClose. Their sensor box consists of devices made for remote monitoring and push notifications, including activity patterns, awareness, alerts, security, and when medications should be taken.

Alarm.com还为老年人提供名为BeClose的传感器服务。他们的传感器盒包括用于远程监控和推送通知的设备，涵盖对老年人的活动模式评测，意识，警报，安全性以及定时提醒服务药物。

It’s important to love and nurture the elderly because they probably took care of you when you were younger.

对老年人的照顾与关爱很重要，因为在你小时他们也是如此对你。

7. 娱乐体验 Entertainment

The biggest key to the Internet of Things revolves around entertainment, comfort, and convenience. Companies like Control 4 have gone public with this need in mind. There are an unlimited amount of customizations that can be made in order to fulfill your entertainment needs.

物联网最重要的关键离不开娱乐，舒适和便利。像Control 4这样据此定位的公司已经上市了。为了满足你的娱乐需求，你可以进行无限量的自定义设置。

Value-added services, on top of security, tend to be in the realm of entertainment. Entertainment is primarily focused around the TV but can also expand to music and sound, lighting, overall comfort, and utilization of streaming services.

在保证安全性的前提下，增值服务已属娱乐的领域。娱乐主要是电视，但也可以扩展到音乐，照明，整体舒适性和流媒体服务的利用。

New formats of delivery are also key. Many new forms include streaming services for videos, movies, and games. Smart platforms like Amazon Echo and the wink hub can also be at the core of entertainment. They allow you to command and control your IoT devices using voice and pattern recognition as well.

新的娱乐形式也是关键。许多新形式包括对视频，电影和游戏的流媒体服务。像亚马逊Echo和Wink Hub这样的智能平台也可以成为娱乐的核心。它们能让你使用语音和模式识别来命令和控制您的物联网设备。

Gaming and content streaming services will be the new medium for advertising since live TV viewing has significantly decreased since the introduction of the DVR. PS Now will also be offered as an app on newer smart TVs.

游戏和内容流媒体服务将成为广告的新媒介，因为自从推出DVR以来，电视直播节目的观众大大减少了。最新的智能电视甚至会提供PS这样的应用程序。

Please share your thoughts on how IoT will impact entertainment and what you would like to see from companies in the future in the comments!

请你在评论中向我们分享你对物联网如何影响娱乐的看法，以及未来你期待在企业中看到什么新动态！

8. 能源 Energy

The reason why it’s key to touch on energy is because of the recent advances in energy education. Technology has totally transformed a once boring industry to one of the hottest industries in the world that’s built on historical infrastructure deployments.

能源重要的原因在于能源教育的最新进展。技术已经彻底改变了这个曾经看上去十分无聊的行业，如今，在基础设施部署的历史条件下，能源已跃升为全世界最热门的行业之一。

Led by companies like ComEd, distributed energy resources combine modular electricity generation, storage capabilities, and the ability to lower your electric utility bills. When combined with other IoT devices within your smart home or smart building, not only can you live more seamlessly, but can save or even make money with “gridfriendly” decisions.

在ComEd等公司的领导下，分布式能源具备了模块化发电，存储能力以及节电能力。当与智能家居或建筑中的其他IoT设备结合使用时，不仅可以帮助你生活得更加安逸，还可以通过对业主友好的决策省钱甚至赚钱。

You can even customize your energy usage by wearing a band that pushes out location within your home. A smart hub connected to your energy IoT devices will adjust according to the real time price of energy?—?kind of like placing “limit orders” for buying and selling stocks.

您甚至可以通过便携设备自定义能量消耗。连接到您的能源物联网设备的智能中枢将根据能源的实时价格进行调整，就像为买卖股票设置“限价单”一样。

Economically, this could work a concept used in finance called arbitrage through blockchain based financial measurements and smart contracts. Whatever energy you generate during the day is more valuable when your neighbors also want to use it, sort of like bandwidth. With a storage device in tact, connected to a Emphase Inverter, you can use the energy harvested at the most optimum time or trade it with your neighbors if you’re away.

在经济上，这可以用于基于财务测量和智能合同的块链，近似形成金融上被称为套利的概念。当你的邻居也想要使用时，无论你在白天产生了多少能量，都会更有价值，就像带宽一样。使用连接到相位逆变器的存储设备，你可以使用在最佳时间收集的能量，或者当你不在时与你的邻居交换。

Some other takeaways from energy IoT are that hardware costs have been decreasing. This is key when you make a large capital investment in utility scaled critical IoT deployment. Key being that hardware and software are treated as investments meaning that they increase value of everyone’s well-being within your electricity service provider’s territory.

其他关于能源物联网的见地是它的硬件成本一直在下降。当你对公用事业的关键IoT部署进行大量投资时，这尤其关键。重要的是，硬件和软件都被视为投资，意味着在电力供应商的领域内，它们可以增加每个人的福祉。

Electric vehicles and charging stations also play a role in the future of energy since you can’t rely on gas prices staying low forever. Tesla is leading this effort with the announcement of their powerwall.

电动汽车和充电站也将在未来的能源中发挥不小作用，因为你不能指望天然气价格永远保持低水平。特斯拉是这项工作的领导者，之前它宣布了其电力墙计划。

WiTricity also allows you to charge your EV wirelessly for SmartCity applications which we will touch on in a future post.

WiTricity还允许你通过SmartCity的应用程序为您的EV无线充电，我们将在将来的文章中介绍。

9. 大众接受度 Mass Adoption

The only key driver missing from the opportunity of IoT is mass adoption. Many of the technologies mentioned throughout this post are available on the market today for purchase.

错失物联网机会的唯一关键的驱动因素是大众接受度。本文中提到的许多技术在当今市场上已经可以通过购买获得。

But why aren’t you rushing over to Amazon or your local hardware store to buy them? Do you think they’re too expensive? Or maybe you don’t like all of the features of the product? What’s holding you back from turning your home into a smart home and turning your life into a smarter one?

但是你为什么不急着到亚马逊或者当地的五金店去买呢？是因为你认为它们太贵了吗？或者也许你不是全盘接受这个产品的功能？是什么阻拦了你把你的家和生活变得更智能化？

Barriers today are awareness and cost. Time is a solution for both of those according to Metcalfe’s law of users. The positives clearly outweigh the negatives and if you want to advance yourself holistically, you must adopt a connected livelihood.

障碍是意识和成本。根据梅特卡夫的用户定律，时间是解决这两个问题最好的良药。在物联网一事上，它的积极性明显超过负面影响，如果你想要全面提升自己的生活质量，你就必须采用一种“物联”的生活方式。

Don’t fall behind…

不要落后...